Step Description Equipment Data collected 1 Mice euthanized and weighed Scales Body weight 2 Reproductive organs harvested and weighed Scales Testis, epididymis with attached vas deferens, and seminal vesicle weights 3 Sperm harvested from right cauda epididymis and counted Hemocytometer Sperm counts 4 Sperm harvested from left cauda epididymis for in vitro capacitation study on sperm motility (see Shorter7) - - 5 Sperm from left cauda epididymis prepared to assess morphology Microscope Sperm morphology
General Information for All Procedures: See Shorter7 for assessing sperm motility
Procedure 1: Body weight and organ weights
Equipment, software, and supplies
- Scales
Steps
- Mice are euthanized by CO2 asphyxiation followed by cervical dislocation.
- Carcasses are weighed
- Reproductive organs are harvested and weighed
Procedure 2: Sperm count and morphology
Equipment, software, and supplies
- Microscope (Olympus, BX51)
- Digital camera (Olympus, DP72)
- Image analysis software (Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA)
- Iris scissors
- Fine forceps
- Microfuge tubes
- Microscope slides
- Hemocytometer
Reagents and solutions
- Phosphate buffered saline (PBS)
- Human tubal fluid medium (HTF), 101.6 mM NaCl, 4.7 mM KCl, 0.37 mM KH2PO4, 0.2 mM MgSO4·7H2O, 2 mM CaCl2, 25 mM NaHCO3, 2.78 mM glucose, 0.33 mM pyruvate, 21.4 mM lactate, 5 mg/mL of bovine serum albumin, 100 U/mL of penicillin G, and 0.1 mg/mL of streptomycin
- Bovine serum albumin (BSA)
- Peanut agglutinin (PNA), conjugated to a fluorescent tag (Invitrogen, Alexa Fluor 488)
- Methanol
Steps
- The right cauda epididymis is clipped with iris scissors in 500 µL of PBS and incubated for 10 min at 37°C.
- Sperm are extruded with fine forceps and the suspension is transferred to a microfuge tube; the collection well is rinsed with an additional 500 µL of PBS.
- Sperm are diluted appropriately and counted using a hemocytometer.
- The left cauda epididymis is clipped with iris scissors and incubated in HTF at 37°C (5% CO2) for 10 min, allowing sperm to swim into the medium.
- Sperm motility is determined (see Shorter7).
- Aliquots (10 µL) of the HTF sperm suspension are spread onto positively charged microscope slides and allowed to air dry briefly until moisture just evaporates.
- Samples are fixed with -20°C methanol for 10 min, air dried and stored at -20°C.
- Acrosomes are stained with PNA conjugated to a fluorescent tag.
- Sperm are scored using phase contrast optics (normal morphology, abnormal head shape, abnormal tail bending (≥ 90°), or broken tails (severed at head/neck junction or at more distal locations along the length of the flagellum).